ABSTRACT
Background: Musculoskeletal injuries occur frequently in elite athletes. Understanding what professionals who work with patients with sports injuries think about prevention has been suggested as an important aspect to improve the effectiveness of programs to prevent sports injuries. Objectives: To describe and characterize the opinions of physical therapists, physicians and trainers on 'risk factors' and 'prevention of injury' in elite athletes. Method: This is a qualitative study with semi-structured interviews with members of the medical and technical department of the Brazilian delegation who participated in the Pan American Games of Guadalajara 2011. The interview was conducted using two questions: 1) "What do you think can cause injuries in athletes participating in your sport?" 2) "What do you do to prevent injuries in your sport?" The interviews were analyzed in two stages, the identification of thematic units, followed by the categorization and grouping of thematic units. Results: We interviewed a total of 30 professionals. Regarding question 1, the main factors attributed as responsible for injury were over-training and incorrect sports techniques. Regarding question 2, the main reported strategies used to prevent injuries were muscle strengthening, nutritional counseling and guidance. Conclusions: The main factors affecting the appearance of lesions were over-training, incorrect sports technique, inadequate nutrition and factors related to the athlete's behavior. The main injury prevention strategies were muscle strengthening, nutritional counseling and guidance. .
Introdução: Lesões musculoesqueléticas ocorrem frequentemente na população de atletas de elite. Entender o que os profissionais que atuam com esporte de alto rendimento pensam sobre lesão e prevenção tem sido sugerido como um importante aspecto para se aumentar a eficácia de programas de prevenção de lesões no esporte. Objetivos: Descrever e caracterizar a opinião de fisioterapeutas, médicos e treinadores sobre fatores de risco e prevenção de lesões em atletas de elite. Método: Estudo qualitativo, realizado com entrevistas semiestruturadas numa parcela dos integrantes dos departamentos técnico e médico da delegação brasileira que participaram dos Jogos Pan-Americanos de Guadalajara 2011. A entrevista foi realizada a partir de duas perguntas: 1) O que você acha que pode causar lesões nos atletas da sua modalidade?, e 2) O que vocês fazem para a prevenção de lesões na sua modalidade?. As entrevistas foram analisadas em duas etapas, identificação das unidades temáticas, seguida da categorização e agrupamento de unidades temáticas. Resultados: Foram entrevistados um total de 30 profissionais. Em relação à pergunta 1, os principais fatores atribuídos como responsáveis pela lesão foram o excesso de treinamento e a técnica esportiva incorreta. Em relação à pergunta 2, as principais estratégias de prevenção de lesões utilizadas relatadas foram o fortalecimento muscular, o acompanhamento nutricional e orientações. Conclusões: Os principais fatores apontados para o surgimento de lesões foram excesso de treinamento, técnica esportiva incorreta, nutrição inadequada e fatores relacionados ao comportamento dos atletas. As principais estratégias de pr...
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Attitude of Health Personnel , Athletic Injuries/epidemiology , Athletic Injuries/prevention & control , Physical Therapists , Physicians , Sports , Risk Factors , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Background : While the research design of articles published in medical journals and in some physical therapy journals has already been evaluated, this has not been investigated in Brazilian physical therapy journals. Objective : To describe the research design used in all articles published in Brazilian scientific journals that are freely available, have high Qualis rankings, and are relevant to physical therapy over a 7-year period. Method : We extracted the bibliometric data, research design, research type (human or animal), and clinical area for all articles published. The articles were grouped into their level of evidence, and descriptive analyses were performed. We calculated the frequency, proportions of articles, and 95% confidence interval of these proportions with each research design in each journal. We cross-tabulated the clinical areas with research designs (expressed as number and percentages). Results : A total of 1,458 articles from four Brazilian journals were found: Revista Brasileira de Fisioterapia, Revista Fisioterapia em Movimento, Revista Fisioterapia e Pesquisa, and Revista Acta Fisiátrica. The majority of articles were classified as level II of evidence (60%), followed by level III (29%) and level I (10%). The most prevalent research designs were cross-sectional studies (38%), single-case or case-series studies, and narrative reviews. Most articles reported human research and were in the musculoskeletal, neurologic, and cardiothoracic areas. Conclusions : Most of the research published in Brazilian physical therapy journals used levels II and III of evidence. Increasing the publication rate of systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials would provide more high-quality evidence to guide evidence-based physical therapy practice. .